How to Choose Windows – An Architects Perspective

There are unlimited window options out available on the market today. Thanks to the latest technologies across the globe, it’s never been easier to get the best window for your home.

Between framing and glass types, choosing the right windows and accessories for your project that will meet your clients’ needs can be a daunting task. There are many things to consider—climate, safety, energy efficiency, and aesthetics, to name a few.

Overview – Types of Windows

There are many types of windows that either has the option to open or not. Depending on your project, you may opt for either or both. Let us explore some of the various features available.

Picture

Picture windows are those which do not open and offer unobstructed views. This option is great for buildings and homes alike, especially in areas where the view may beg to be seen without any visual obstacles in your way.

Pass-Through

Pass-through windows are made to fit your exact specifications. They offer convenience while open and serve as a sound and draft barrier when closed. They are popular choices for restaurant drive-thru windows.

Single Hung

Single Hung windows are made up of two sashes. The top is stationary, while the bottom window has a vertical slider to let in air. It allows for clear views through the top sash with a screen installed on the bottom.

Double Hung

Double Hung windows do look similar, however, both sashes can be moved up or down on a double hung window.

Single Casement

A single casement window is attached to its frame by one or more hinges at the side. They are used singly or in pairs with a common frame and are hinged on the outside.

Single Awning

Awning windows are similar to casement windows, however, they are hinged at the top rather than on the side. They are best suited for openings that are wider than they are tall/

Awning Transom

A transom window is a horizontal window that is usually placed to bridge a gap, such as above a door.

Hopper Transom

A hopper transom is similar to an awning transom, however, it opens inwards rather than outward into the home or building.

Single Hopper

A single hopper window swings inside and hinges at different degrees to allow minimal or maximum airflow.

Glider

A glider window operates as a double hung window, however, the sashes move to the right and left rather than up and down. They are great for large horizontal spaces.

Vertical Pivot

Vertical pivot windows offer a dramatic way to ventilate large openings with unobstructed views. They are great for large openings and open effortlessly.

Horizontal Pivot

Horizontal pivot windows are ideal for ventilating large openings with unobstructed views.

Uneven Double Hung

Double-hung windows are windows in which both the top and bottom panels can slide.

Window Systems

The window system you choose is a matter of personal preference and the conditions and desires of the client. Below, we outline some of the pros and cons of different systems and their operation.

Picture of Fixed

Picture or fixed windows do not allow for opening.

Sliders

Sliders allow for a window to glide horizontally or vertically. They do not allow for a window to open outward.

Sashes (single or double hung)

A window sash is a part of the window that holds the glass and the framework around the glass to keep it in place.

Casement (awning or hopper)

Casement windows attach to their frame by one or more hinges at the side. They are either used singly or in pairs with a common frame.

Skylights

A skylight is a fixed window set into the roofline. It may incorporate venting options, but the window itself does not open.

Custom

Custom windows allow you to choose the options and functions you wish to have and are specifically manufactured for you based on the measurements taken from the rough opening.

Aesthetics

Windows can add a tremendous amount of value to the property, along with improving its visual aesthetics. It can provide a fresh look to a building and transform the way a residential or commercial building looks.

Texture

Textured or patterned glass can add an element of design and character to any window. They can add both privacy and elegance to a window where clear views are not as important.

Opacity

Opacity, or adding film to glass can provide the window with privacy.

Reflectivity

Reflectivity, when it comes to windows, provides a mirror-like reflection on the glass.

Decorative Pattern

Decorative patterns can be added to windows to add character and charm to a room, home, or building.

Materials and Function

If choosing the style of window and operating mechanisms for your project wasn’t enough, you now have options for materials. The greater the insulating properties, the greater the cost.

Aluminum

Aluminum windows are a great option for custom homes, contemporary building styles, and commercial window applications.

Fibreglass

Fibreglass provides low levels of conductivity without the need for thermal breaks. The frames are more energy-efficient than aluminum or vinyl windows, allowing less heat or cold to travel through the frame material itself.

Vinyl

Vinyl windows are usually the least expensive choice and are suitable for many applications. In lower-quality models, the weatherstripping is not durable, and some of the plastic parts may break.

Wood

Wood windows are more expensive than vinyl windows and periodically need to be sealed with paint or finish to prevent rotting and sun damage.

Glass

Whether floating, safety, insulated glass unit (IGU), low-emissivity glass, etc. – a frameless window is just as it is described. Frameless. A seamless option that has no obvious frame around the perimeter.

Visual Light Transmittance (VLT)

Visible light transmission is the percentage or fraction of visible light that passes through the glazing system, as opposed to being reflected or absorbed. It is somewhat of a filter for reducing the intensity of exterior daylight conditions.

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)

The SHGC rating represents a small fraction of the amount of solar radiation across the entire spectrum directly transmitted and absorbed by the glass portion of a window. It can give you an idea of how much solar heat and sunlight will be released in your home.

An Architects Guide to Windows